The Thessalonians were worried they had missed Jesus' return, but Paul clarifies that they should not fuel apocalyptic speculation but instead recall Jesus' words in Mark 13 about the public and obvious events leading up to his return. They should also remain faithful, hopeful, and confident while waiting for Jesus' return and deliverance from evil rulers.
Finally, Paul addresses idleness and challenges believers to imitate Jesus' self-giving love. Their hard work provides for themselves and benefits others.